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authorgdamore <gdamore@users.noreply.github.com>2024-10-27 18:55:51 +0000
committergdamore <gdamore@users.noreply.github.com>2024-10-27 18:55:51 +0000
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+
+</style>
+<h1 id="memory"><a class="header" href="#memory">Memory</a></h1>
+<p>Managing <a name="a001"></a>memory and <a name="a002"></a>allocations is something that every C program has to deal with.
+In the case of <em>NNG</em>, it can be more complicated because the underlying platform
+code can provide different allocators that might not be compatible with the use
+system allocator used by <code>malloc</code> and <code>free</code>.</p>
+<h2 id="allocate-memory"><a class="header" href="#allocate-memory">Allocate Memory</a></h2>
+<pre><code class="language-c">void *nng_alloc(size_t size);
+</code></pre>
+<p>The <a name="a003"></a><code>nng_alloc</code> function allocates a contiguous memory region of
+at least <em>size</em> bytes, and returns a pointer to it.
+The memory will be 64-bit aligned.
+Note that the memory may have random data in it, just like with <code>malloc</code>.</p>
+<p>If memory cannot be allocated for any reason, then <code>NULL</code> will be returned.
+Applications that experience this should treat this like <a href="/api/errors.html#NNG_ENOMEM"><code>NNG_ENOMEM</code></a>.</p>
+<p>Memory returned by <code>nng_alloc</code> can be used to hold message buffers, in which
+case it can be directly passed to <a href="/TODO.html"><code>nng_send</code></a> using the flag <code>NNG_FLAG_ALLOC</code>.
+Alternatively, it can be freed when no longer needed using <a href="/api/memory.html#deallocate-memory"><code>nng_free</code></a>.</p>
+<div class="mdbook-alerts mdbook-alerts-important">
+<p class="mdbook-alerts-title">
+ <span class="mdbook-alerts-icon"></span>
+ important
+</p>
+<p>Do not use the system <code>free</code> function (or the C++ <code>delete</code> operator) to release this memory.
+On some configurations this may work, but on others it will lead to a crash or
+other unpredictable behavior.</p>
+</div>
+<h2 id="deallocate-memory"><a class="header" href="#deallocate-memory">Deallocate Memory</a></h2>
+<pre><code class="language-c">void nng_free(void *ptr, size_t size);
+</code></pre>
+<p>The <a name="a004"></a><code>nng_free</code> function deallocates memory previously allocated by <a href="/api/memory.html#allocate-memory"><code>nng_alloc</code></a>.</p>
+<p>The <em>size</em> argument must exactly match the <em>size</em> argument that was supplied to
+<a href="/api/memory.html#allocate-memory"><code>nng_alloc</code></a> when the memory was allocated.</p>
+<h2 id="duplicate-string"><a class="header" href="#duplicate-string">Duplicate String</a></h2>
+<pre><code class="language-c">char *nng_strdup(const char *src);
+</code></pre>
+<p>The <a name="a005"></a><code>nng_strdup</code> duplicates the string <em>src</em> and returns it.</p>
+<p>This is logically equivalent to using <a href="/api/memory.html#allocate-memory"><code>nng_alloc</code></a>
+to allocate a region of memory of <code>strlen(s) + 1</code> bytes, and then
+using <code>strcpy</code> to copy the string into the destination before
+returning it.</p>
+<p>The returned string should be deallocated with
+<a href="/api/memory.html#free-string"><code>nng_strfree</code></a>, or may be deallocated using the
+<a href="/api/memory.html#deallocate-memory"><code>nng_free</code></a> using the length of the returned string plus
+one (for the <code>NUL</code> terminating byte).</p>
+<h2 id="free-string"><a class="header" href="#free-string">Free String</a></h2>
+<pre><code class="language-c">void nng_strfree(char *str);
+</code></pre>
+<p>The <a name="a006"></a><code>nng_strfree</code> function is a convenience function that
+can be used to deallocate strings allocated with <a href="/api/memory.html#duplicate-string"><code>nng_strdup</code></a>.</p>
+<p>It is effectively the same as <code>nng_free(strlen(str) + 1)</code>.</p>
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