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| author | Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org> | 2024-10-06 17:45:39 -0700 |
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| committer | Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org> | 2024-10-06 17:45:39 -0700 |
| commit | 515ffaacd8f46bb3abd814d869a699c25cc205ba (patch) | |
| tree | db8fadb50d69ee72d8e2a4a69414a4acb66694c8 /docs/ref/tran/udp.md | |
| parent | 67a7b334ce504c0411b7bc987b08233755386987 (diff) | |
| download | nng-515ffaacd8f46bb3abd814d869a699c25cc205ba.tar.gz nng-515ffaacd8f46bb3abd814d869a699c25cc205ba.tar.bz2 nng-515ffaacd8f46bb3abd814d869a699c25cc205ba.zip | |
Initial swag at UDP transport docs, also converted socket transport to mdbook
This has a lot of TODO links, because there are missing pieces still of course.
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/ref/tran/udp.md')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/ref/tran/udp.md | 90 |
1 files changed, 90 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/ref/tran/udp.md b/docs/ref/tran/udp.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4579c88a --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/ref/tran/udp.md @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ +# UDP Transport (Experimental) + +The {{i:_udp_ transport}} supports communication between peers using {{i:UDP}}. + +UDP is a very light-weight connection-less, unreliable, unordered delivery mechanism. + +Both IPv4 and {{i:IPv6}} are supported when the underlying platform also supports it. + +## Maximum Message Size + +This transport maps each SP message to a single UDP packet. +In order to allow room for network headers, we thus limit the maximum +message size to 65000 bytes, minus the overhead for any SP protocol headers. + +However, applications are _strongly_ encouraged to only use this transport for +very much smaller messages, ideally those that will fit within a single network +packet without requiring fragmentation and reassembly. + +For Ethernet without jumbo frames, this typically means an {{i:MTU}} of a little +less than 1500 bytes. (Specifically, 1452, which allows 28 bytes for IP and UDP, +and 20 bytes for the this transport). +Other link layers may have different MTUs. + +> [!NOTE] +> This transport is _experimental_. + +## URI Format + +This transport uses URIs using the scheme {{i:`udp://`}}, followed by +an IP address or hostname, followed by a colon and finally a +TCP {{i:port number}}. +For example, to contact port 80 on the localhost either of the following URIs +could be used: `udp://127.0.0.1:80` or `udp://localhost:80`. + +A URI may be restricted to IPv6 using the scheme `udp6://`, and may +be restricted to IPv4 using the scheme `udp4://`. + +> [!NOTE] +> Specifying `udp6://` may not prevent IPv4 hosts from being used with +> IPv4-in-IPv6 addresses, particularly when using a wildcard hostname with +> listeners. +> The details of this varies across operating systems. + +> [!TIP] +> We recommend using either numeric IP addresses, or names that are +> specific to either IPv4 or IPv6 to prevent confusion and surprises. + +When specifying IPv6 addresses, the address must be enclosed in +square brackets (`[]`) to avoid confusion with the final colon +separating the port. + +For example, the same port 80 on the IPv6 loopback address (`::1`) would +be specified as `udp://[::1]:80`. + +The special value of 0 ({{i:`INADDR_ANY`}}) +can be used for a listener to indicate that it should listen on all +interfaces on the host. +A short-hand for this form is to either omit the address, or specify +the asterisk (`*`) character. +For example, the following three URIs are all equivalent, +and could be used to listen to port 9999 on the host: + +1. `udp://0.0.0.0:9999` +2. `udp://*:9999` +3. `udp://:9999` + +## Socket Address + +When using an [`nng_sockaddr`][nng_sockaddr] structure, +the actual structure is either of type +[`nng_sockaddr_in`][nng_sockaddr_in] (for IPv4) or +[`nng_sockaddr_in6`][nng_sockaddr_in6] (for IPv6). + +## Transport Options + +The following transport options are supported by this transport, +where supported by the underlying platform. + +- [`NNG_OPT_LOCADDR`][NNG_OPT_LOCADDR] +- [`NNG_OPT_REMADDR`][NNG_OPT_REMADDR] +- [`NNG_OPT_URL`][NNG_OPT_URL] + +TOOD: Document other options. + +[nng_sockaddr]: [TODO.md] +[nng_sockaddr_in]: [TODO.md] +[nng_sockaddr_in6]: [TODO.md] +[NNG_OPT_LOCADDR]: [TODO.md] +[NNG_OPT_REMADDR]: [TODO.md] +[NNG_OPT_URL]: [TODO.md] |
