aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
-rw-r--r--CMakeLists.txt5
-rw-r--r--docs/man/nng_compat.3compat.adoc17
-rw-r--r--src/compat/nanomsg/nn.c120
-rw-r--r--src/core/socket.c11
-rw-r--r--src/platform/posix/posix_epdesc.c10
-rw-r--r--tests/CMakeLists.txt3
-rw-r--r--tests/compat_tcp.c238
-rw-r--r--tests/tcp.c7
-rw-r--r--tests/tls.c7
9 files changed, 407 insertions, 11 deletions
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index bf08ca90..96eed693 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -274,6 +274,11 @@ if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Linux")
add_definitions (-DNNG_PLATFORM_POSIX)
add_definitions (-DNNG_PLATFORM_LINUX)
add_definitions (-DNNG_USE_EVENTFD)
+ # Windows subsystem for Linux -- smells like Linux, but it has
+ # some differences (SO_REUSEADDR for one).
+ if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION MATCHES "Microsoft")
+ add_definitions (-DNNG_PLATFORM_WSL)
+ endif()
set(NNG_PLATFORM_POSIX ON)
elseif (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Darwin")
diff --git a/docs/man/nng_compat.3compat.adoc b/docs/man/nng_compat.3compat.adoc
index f8472c3c..148f09d1 100644
--- a/docs/man/nng_compat.3compat.adoc
+++ b/docs/man/nng_compat.3compat.adoc
@@ -190,6 +190,23 @@ The following caveats apply when using the legacy API with _nng_.
Specifically, there is no `nn_symbol()` function yet.
(This may be addressed later if there is a need.)
+* The TCP transport (`tcp://` URLs) does not support specifying the local
+ address or interface when binding. (This could be fixed in the future,
+ but most likely this will be available only using the new API.)
+
+* The values of `NN_RCVMAXSIZE` are constrained.
+ Specifically, values set larger than 2GB using the new API will be reported
+ as unlimited (`-1`) in the new API, and the value `0` will disable any
+ enforcement, just like `-1`.
+ (There is no practical reason to ever want to limit the receive size to
+ zero.)
+
+* This implementation counts buffers in terms of messages rather than bytes.
+ As a result, the buffer sizes accessed with `NN_SNDBUF` and `NN_RCVBUF` are
+ rounded up to a whole number of kilobytes, then divided by 1024, in order
+ to approximate buffering assuming 1 KB messages.
+ Few applications should need to adjust the default values.
+
== SEE ALSO
<<libnng.3#,libnng(3)>>,
diff --git a/src/compat/nanomsg/nn.c b/src/compat/nanomsg/nn.c
index 6755a8ea..564e60d8 100644
--- a/src/compat/nanomsg/nn.c
+++ b/src/compat/nanomsg/nn.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static const struct {
{ NNG_ENOENT, ENOENT },
{ NNG_EPROTO, EPROTO },
{ NNG_EUNREACHABLE, EHOSTUNREACH },
- { NNG_EADDRINVAL, EADDRNOTAVAIL },
+ { NNG_EADDRINVAL, EINVAL },
{ NNG_EPERM, EACCES },
{ NNG_EMSGSIZE, EMSGSIZE },
{ NNG_ECONNABORTED, ECONNABORTED },
@@ -237,6 +237,8 @@ nn_socket(int domain, int protocol)
return (-1);
}
+ // Legacy sockets have nodelay disabled.
+ (void) nng_setopt_bool(sock, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, false);
return ((int) sock.id);
}
@@ -747,6 +749,54 @@ nn_setignore(nng_socket s, const void *valp, size_t sz)
}
static int
+nn_settcpnodelay(nng_socket s, const void *valp, size_t sz)
+{
+ bool val;
+ int ival;
+ int rv;
+
+ if (sz != sizeof(ival)) {
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return (-1);
+ }
+ memcpy(&ival, valp, sizeof(ival));
+ switch (ival) {
+ case 0:
+ val = false;
+ break;
+ case 1:
+ val = true;
+ break;
+ default:
+ nn_seterror(NNG_EINVAL);
+ return (-1);
+ }
+
+ if ((rv = nng_setopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, val)) != 0) {
+ nn_seterror(rv);
+ return (-1);
+ }
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+nn_gettcpnodelay(nng_socket s, void *valp, size_t *szp)
+{
+ bool val;
+ int ival;
+ int rv;
+
+ if ((rv = nng_getopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, &val)) != 0) {
+ nn_seterror(rv);
+ return (-1);
+ }
+ ival = val ? 1 : 0;
+ memcpy(valp, &ival, *szp < sizeof(ival) ? *szp : sizeof(ival));
+ *szp = sizeof(ival);
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
nn_getrcvbuf(nng_socket s, void *valp, size_t *szp)
{
int cnt;
@@ -769,7 +819,7 @@ nn_setrcvbuf(nng_socket s, const void *valp, size_t sz)
int rv;
if (sz != sizeof(cnt)) {
- nn_seterror(NNG_EINVAL);
+ errno = EINVAL;
return (-1);
}
memcpy(&cnt, valp, sizeof(cnt));
@@ -808,7 +858,7 @@ nn_setsndbuf(nng_socket s, const void *valp, size_t sz)
int rv;
if (sz != sizeof(cnt)) {
- nn_seterror(NNG_EINVAL);
+ errno = EINVAL;
return (-1);
}
memcpy(&cnt, valp, sizeof(cnt));
@@ -824,6 +874,61 @@ nn_setsndbuf(nng_socket s, const void *valp, size_t sz)
return (0);
}
+static int
+nn_setrcvmaxsz(nng_socket s, const void *valp, size_t sz)
+{
+ int ival;
+ size_t val;
+ int rv;
+
+ if (sz != sizeof(ival)) {
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return (-1);
+ }
+ memcpy(&ival, valp, sizeof(ival));
+ if (ival == -1) {
+ val = 0;
+ } else if (ival >= 0) {
+ // Note that if the user sets 0, it disables the limit.
+ // This is a different semantic.
+ val = (size_t) ival;
+ } else {
+ errno = EINVAL;
+ return (-1);
+ }
+ if ((rv = nng_setopt_size(s, NNG_OPT_RECVMAXSZ, val)) != 0) {
+ nn_seterror(rv);
+ return (-1);
+ }
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+nn_getrcvmaxsz(nng_socket s, void *valp, size_t *szp)
+{
+ int ival;
+ int rv;
+ size_t val;
+
+ if ((rv = nng_getopt_size(s, NNG_OPT_RECVMAXSZ, &val)) != 0) {
+ nn_seterror(rv);
+ return (-1);
+ }
+ // Legacy uses -1 to mean unlimited. New code uses 0. Note that
+ // as a consequence, we can't set a message limit of zero.
+ // We report any size beyond 2GB as effectively unlimited.
+ // There is an implicit assumption here that ints are 32-bits,
+ // but that's generally true of any platform we support.
+ if ((val == 0) || (val > 0x7FFFFFFF)) {
+ ival = -1;
+ } else {
+ ival = (int) val;
+ }
+ memcpy(valp, &ival, *szp < sizeof(ival) ? *szp : sizeof(ival));
+ *szp = sizeof(ival);
+ return (0);
+}
+
// options which we convert -- most of the array is initialized at run time.
static const struct {
int nnlevel;
@@ -881,7 +986,8 @@ static const struct {
{
.nnlevel = NN_SOL_SOCKET,
.nnopt = NN_RCVMAXSIZE,
- .opt = NNG_OPT_RECVMAXSZ,
+ .get = nn_getrcvmaxsz,
+ .set = nn_setrcvmaxsz,
},
{
.nnlevel = NN_SOL_SOCKET,
@@ -928,6 +1034,12 @@ static const struct {
.nnopt = NN_SURVEYOR_DEADLINE,
.opt = NNG_OPT_SURVEYOR_SURVEYTIME,
},
+ {
+ .nnlevel = NN_TCP,
+ .nnopt = NN_TCP_NODELAY,
+ .get = nn_gettcpnodelay,
+ .set = nn_settcpnodelay,
+ }
// XXX: IPV4ONLY, SNDPRIO, RCVPRIO
};
diff --git a/src/core/socket.c b/src/core/socket.c
index 3a209441..faca1b06 100644
--- a/src/core/socket.c
+++ b/src/core/socket.c
@@ -532,6 +532,7 @@ nni_sock_create(nni_sock **sp, const nni_proto *proto)
{
int rv;
nni_sock *s;
+ bool on;
if ((s = NNI_ALLOC_STRUCT(s)) == NULL) {
return (NNG_ENOMEM);
@@ -587,6 +588,16 @@ nni_sock_create(nni_sock **sp, const nni_proto *proto)
return (rv);
}
+ // These we *attempt* to call so that we are likely to have initial
+ // values loaded. They should not fail, but if they do we don't
+ // worry about it.
+ on = true;
+ (void) nni_sock_setopt(
+ s, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, &on, sizeof(on), NNI_TYPE_BOOL);
+ on = false;
+ (void) nni_sock_setopt(
+ s, NNG_OPT_TCP_KEEPALIVE, &on, sizeof(on), NNI_TYPE_BOOL);
+
if (s->s_sock_ops.sock_filter != NULL) {
nni_msgq_set_filter(
s->s_urq, s->s_sock_ops.sock_filter, s->s_data);
diff --git a/src/platform/posix/posix_epdesc.c b/src/platform/posix/posix_epdesc.c
index 0065806d..dfb750d4 100644
--- a/src/platform/posix/posix_epdesc.c
+++ b/src/platform/posix/posix_epdesc.c
@@ -247,6 +247,16 @@ nni_posix_epdesc_listen(nni_posix_epdesc *ed)
return (rv);
}
+#if defined(SO_REUSEADDR) && !defined(NNG_PLATFORM_WSL)
+ if (ss->ss_family != AF_UNIX) {
+ int on = 1;
+ // If for some reason this doesn't work, it's probably ok.
+ // Second bind will fail.
+ (void) setsockopt(
+ fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on));
+ }
+#endif
+
if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *) ss, len) < 0) {
rv = nni_plat_errno(errno);
nni_mtx_unlock(&ed->mtx);
diff --git a/tests/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
index 03f09579..a0f54b5d 100644
--- a/tests/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -190,12 +190,13 @@ add_nng_compat_test(compat_iovec 5)
add_nng_compat_test(compat_device 5)
add_nng_compat_test(compat_pair 5)
add_nng_compat_test(compat_pipeline 5)
+add_nng_compat_test(compat_poll 5)
add_nng_compat_test(compat_reqrep 5)
add_nng_compat_test(compat_survey 5)
add_nng_compat_test(compat_reqttl 5)
add_nng_compat_test(compat_shutdown 5)
add_nng_compat_test(compat_surveyttl 5)
-add_nng_compat_test(compat_poll 5)
+add_nng_compat_test(compat_tcp 5)
# These are special tests for compat mode, not inherited from the
# legacy libnanomsg suite.
diff --git a/tests/compat_tcp.c b/tests/compat_tcp.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fee271e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/compat_tcp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+/*
+ Copyright (c) 2012 Martin Sustrik All rights reserved.
+ Copyright 2015 Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
+ Copyright 2016 Franklin "Snaipe" Mathieu <franklinmathieu@gmail.com>
+
+ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+ to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom
+ the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+ The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+ in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
+ IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#include <nanomsg/nn.h>
+#include <nanomsg/pair.h>
+#include <nanomsg/pubsub.h>
+#include <nanomsg/tcp.h>
+
+#include "compat_testutil.h"
+
+/* Tests TCP transport. */
+
+int sc;
+
+int main (int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+ int rc;
+ int sb;
+ int i;
+ int opt;
+ size_t sz;
+ int s1, s2;
+ void * dummy_buf;
+ char addr[128];
+ char socket_address[128];
+
+ int port = get_test_port(argc, argv);
+
+ test_addr_from(socket_address, "tcp", "127.0.0.1", port);
+
+ /* Try closing bound but unconnected socket. */
+ sb = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_bind (sb, socket_address);
+ test_close (sb);
+
+ /* Try closing a TCP socket while it not connected. At the same time
+ test specifying the local address for the connection. */
+ sc = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+#if 0 // NNG doesn't support local binding
+ test_addr_from(addr, "tcp", "127.0.0.1;127.0.0.1", port);
+#else
+ test_addr_from(addr, "tcp", "127.0.0.1", port);
+#endif
+ test_connect (sc, addr);
+ test_close (sc);
+
+ /* Open the socket anew. */
+ sc = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+
+ /* Check NODELAY socket option. */
+ sz = sizeof (opt);
+ rc = nn_getsockopt (sc, NN_TCP, NN_TCP_NODELAY, &opt, &sz);
+ errno_assert (rc == 0);
+ nn_assert (sz == sizeof (opt));
+ nn_assert (opt == 0);
+ opt = 2;
+ rc = nn_setsockopt (sc, NN_TCP, NN_TCP_NODELAY, &opt, sizeof (opt));
+ nn_assert (rc < 0 && nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+ opt = 1;
+ rc = nn_setsockopt (sc, NN_TCP, NN_TCP_NODELAY, &opt, sizeof (opt));
+ errno_assert (rc == 0);
+ sz = sizeof (opt);
+ rc = nn_getsockopt (sc, NN_TCP, NN_TCP_NODELAY, &opt, &sz);
+ errno_assert (rc == 0);
+ nn_assert (sz == sizeof (opt));
+ nn_assert (opt == 1);
+
+ /* Try using invalid address strings. */
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://*:");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://*:1000000");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://*:some_port");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+#if 0 // NNG does not support local interfaces
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://eth10000;127.0.0.1:5555");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == ENODEV);
+#endif
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://127.0.0.1");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+#if 0 // NNG permits this -- the interface will get an ephemeral port
+ rc = nn_bind (sc, "tcp://127.0.0.1:");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+#endif
+ rc = nn_bind (sc, "tcp://127.0.0.1:1000000");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+#if 0 // NNG doesn't do interface binding here.
+ rc = nn_bind (sc, "tcp://eth10000:5555");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == ENODEV);
+#endif
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://:5555");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://-hostname:5555");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://abc.123.---.#:5555");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+
+#if 0 // NNG is ok with this -- its a valid IPv6 address.
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://[::1]:5555");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+#endif
+
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://abc...123:5555");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+ rc = nn_connect (sc, "tcp://.123:5555");
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+
+ /* Connect correctly. Do so before binding the peer socket. */
+ test_connect (sc, socket_address);
+
+ /* Leave enough time for at least on re-connect attempt. */
+ nn_sleep (200);
+
+ sb = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_bind (sb, socket_address);
+
+ /* Ping-pong test. */
+ for (i = 0; i != 100; ++i) {
+
+ test_send (sc, "ABC");
+ test_recv (sb, "ABC");
+
+ test_send (sb, "DEF");
+ test_recv (sc, "DEF");
+ }
+
+ /* Batch transfer test. */
+ for (i = 0; i != 100; ++i) {
+ test_send (sc, "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789");
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i != 100; ++i) {
+ test_recv (sb, "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789");
+ }
+
+ test_close (sc);
+ test_close (sb);
+
+ /* Test whether connection rejection is handled decently. */
+ sb = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_bind (sb, socket_address);
+ s1 = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_connect (s1, socket_address);
+ s2 = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_connect (s2, socket_address);
+ nn_sleep (100);
+ test_close (s2);
+ test_close (s1);
+ test_close (sb);
+
+ /* Test two sockets binding to the same address. */
+ sb = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_bind (sb, socket_address);
+ s1 = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+
+ rc = nn_bind (s1, socket_address);
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EADDRINUSE);
+
+ sc = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_connect (sc, socket_address);
+ nn_sleep (100);
+ test_send (sb, "ABC");
+ test_recv (sc, "ABC");
+ test_close (sb);
+ test_close (sc);
+ test_close (s1);
+
+ /* Test NN_RCVMAXSIZE limit */
+ sb = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_bind (sb, socket_address);
+ s1 = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_connect (s1, socket_address);
+ opt = 4;
+ rc = nn_setsockopt (sb, NN_SOL_SOCKET, NN_RCVMAXSIZE, &opt, sizeof (opt));
+ nn_assert (rc == 0);
+ nn_sleep (100);
+ test_send (s1, "ABC");
+ test_recv (sb, "ABC");
+ test_send (s1, "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789");
+ rc = nn_recv (sb, &dummy_buf, NN_MSG, NN_DONTWAIT);
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EAGAIN);
+ test_close (sb);
+ test_close (s1);
+
+ /* Test that NN_RCVMAXSIZE can be -1, but not lower */
+ sb = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ opt = -1;
+ rc = nn_setsockopt (sb, NN_SOL_SOCKET, NN_RCVMAXSIZE, &opt, sizeof (opt));
+ nn_assert (rc >= 0);
+ opt = -2;
+ rc = nn_setsockopt (sb, NN_SOL_SOCKET, NN_RCVMAXSIZE, &opt, sizeof (opt));
+ nn_assert (rc < 0);
+ errno_assert (nn_errno () == EINVAL);
+ test_close (sb);
+
+ /* Test closing a socket that is waiting to connect. */
+ sc = test_socket (AF_SP, NN_PAIR);
+ test_connect (sc, socket_address);
+ nn_sleep (100);
+ test_close (sc);
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/tests/tcp.c b/tests/tcp.c
index d29ceb8d..0018fce7 100644
--- a/tests/tcp.c
+++ b/tests/tcp.c
@@ -134,7 +134,8 @@ TestMain("TCP Transport", {
So(nng_pair_open(&s) == 0);
Reset({ nng_close(s); });
- So(nng_getopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, &v) == NNG_ENOTSUP);
+ So(nng_getopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, &v) == 0);
+ So(v == true);
So(nng_dialer_create(&d, s, "tcp://127.0.0.1:4999") == 0);
So(nng_dialer_getopt_bool(d, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, &v) == 0);
So(v == true);
@@ -183,8 +184,8 @@ TestMain("TCP Transport", {
So(nng_pair_open(&s) == 0);
Reset({ nng_close(s); });
- So(nng_getopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_KEEPALIVE, &v) ==
- NNG_ENOTSUP);
+ So(nng_getopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_KEEPALIVE, &v) == 0);
+ So(v == false);
So(nng_dialer_create(&d, s, "tcp://127.0.0.1:4999") == 0);
So(nng_dialer_getopt_bool(d, NNG_OPT_TCP_KEEPALIVE, &v) == 0);
So(v == false);
diff --git a/tests/tls.c b/tests/tls.c
index 8ecf342a..1f1f244c 100644
--- a/tests/tls.c
+++ b/tests/tls.c
@@ -486,7 +486,8 @@ TestMain("TLS Transport", {
So(nng_pair_open(&s) == 0);
Reset({ nng_close(s); });
- So(nng_getopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, &v) == NNG_ENOTSUP);
+ So(nng_getopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, &v) == 0);
+ So(v == true);
So(nng_dialer_create(&d, s, "tcp://127.0.0.1:4999") == 0);
So(nng_dialer_getopt_bool(d, NNG_OPT_TCP_NODELAY, &v) == 0);
So(v == true);
@@ -535,8 +536,8 @@ TestMain("TLS Transport", {
So(nng_pair_open(&s) == 0);
Reset({ nng_close(s); });
- So(nng_getopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_KEEPALIVE, &v) ==
- NNG_ENOTSUP);
+ So(nng_getopt_bool(s, NNG_OPT_TCP_KEEPALIVE, &v) == 0);
+ So(v == false);
So(nng_dialer_create(&d, s, "tcp://127.0.0.1:4999") == 0);
So(nng_dialer_getopt_bool(d, NNG_OPT_TCP_KEEPALIVE, &v) == 0);
So(v == false);